Introduction. The relevance of the study is explained by the fact that in the age of rapid development of science and technology related to the development and application of the concept of machine learning, operating with big data, artificial intelligence (AI) has achieved the ability to surpass people in each separate area. The development of hybrid intelligence faces cognitive differences, the digital gap between man and machine, and other challenges. Strengthening the interaction between cognition and perception can be the key to overcoming weaknesses. The purpose of the article is to conduct research on the development of a model of human-computer interaction, to study a new model of this process.
Materials and Methods. The work uses analysis and synthesis, a comparative method. The architecture of hybrid intelligence is built on the basis of a combination of the idea of human participation in the process and the confrontation between man and machine. The method of comparative and systematic analysis of similarities and differences between human intelligence, AI, and AI systems is also used.
Results. There are three main cognitive perspectives in current AI research: technological, human, and human-machine cooperation. Modern research mainly focuses on the theoretical elaboration and application of mixed intelligence and the construction of a hybrid intelligent architecture model. The confrontation between man and machine cannot be understood simply as competition between man and machine, and its ultimate goal is still to achieve a harmonious stable state of symbiosis between man and machine. It is emphasized that the interaction of man and computer involves the participation of man and machine, while the degree and status of this participation differ. “Interaction” reflects two-way information transmission and is machine-driven, while “cooperation” reflects human-dominated shared decision-making.
Discussion and Conclusion. Currently, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is taking place. Big data applications and innovations in theoretical algorithms are driving intelligence. Technologies such as 5G and cloud intelligence take the development of distributed artificial intelligence to the next level allowing data to generate knowledge through cloud learning. Thus, thanks to the cooperation of machine intelligence and human mind, the merger of man and machine became the ultimate goal of the intelligence development. Human mind and machine intelligence adapt to each other and realize a common evolution and optimization of intelligence. Hybrid intelligence is a highly converged combination of rationality and sensitivity, intuition and logic, memory and data storage, as well as calculations, which is the future direction of the intelligent technologies’ development.

Introduction. Modern changes in the ecological paradigm entail the proclamation of the inalienable rights of nature. However, the provision of legal status to the environment and its elements casts doubt on all the achievements of mankind and the value-based guidelines of society which means revolutionary changes in the way of life, internal structure and worldview of people. The main objective of the study is to analyze and systematize foreign experience in the scope of environmental management in order to objectively assess the effectiveness of the Earth rights implementation taking into account significant political, legislative and socio-economic changes leading to conflict in the implementation of relations between man, government and nature.
Materials and Methods. Methodological tools focus on analytical building of ecosystem links in international environmental policy, modeling of a system for the development of adaptation management through the implementation of scientific knowledge and appropriate monitoring that identifies cases of environmental uncertainty.
Results. Environmental strategies of different countries offer variable concepts that consider nature as an object of legal protection, universal human heritage, a source of resources necessary for a man, or a legal entity endowed with inalienable rights and freedoms. Differences in legal approaches are determined by sociocultural specifics of society dictating certain environmental strategies. However, the effectiveness of environmental policy is determined not only by the legal status of nature but also by the combination of factors: legislative, procedural, economic, etc., which together allows achieving efficiency in the field of environmental policy without resorting to rewriting the constitution and radical restructuring of the legal system.
Discussion and Conclusion. Environmental management offers opportunities to modernize the relationship between man and nature building a harmonious paradigm that combines environmental values and human rights. In the scope of this concept, the issue of claiming the inalienable rights of nature remains open which gives rise to further research that allows us to assess advantages and disadvantages of the approach under consideration.

Introduction. The article is devoted to the representation of Soviet everyday life on the Internet. The subject of the study is the media memory of leisure practices in the 1960s–1970s. Memories of spending free time are considered as an element of constructing a collective memory of Soviet life and forming an image of Soviet normativity on the Internet. The author aims to examine the specifics of digital memories of leisure practices of late Soviet everyday life.
Materials and Methods. The basis of the research is the structural-functional method and content analysis of materials on social networks.
Results. The results of the study are that the author has shown using concrete examples that referring to the concept of “spaces of non-attendance” within the late Soviet everyday life makes it possible to understand the attractiveness of the image of the Soviet past in the digital space. The study demonstrated that memories of leisure practices are characterized by an appeal to the personal dimension of everyday experience.
Discussion and Conclusion. The author supposes that the phenomenon of an integration of the ideological myth into memory of the space of private life is connected both with the peculiarities of media memory and with the complex structure of the subject of nostalgic reflection. The results of the study can be applied in planning strategies for the preservation and reproduction of historical memory.

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the continued interest of the scientific community in commemorative practices. Symbolic significance of memorable places of Rostov-on-Don dedicated to military discourse, identification of their pragmatic orientation in formation of historical memory and preservation of cultural heritage are of particular importance. The purpose of the study is to identify symbolic significance of the memorable places of Rostov-on-Don associated with military discourse, and their pragmatic functions in preserving collective memory and forming a cultural code.
Materials and Methods. Memorable places of Rostov-on-Don associated with the military history of the country, in particular with the Great Patriotic War and the Special Military Operation, are analyzed. Semiotic, functional, systemic methods, pragmatic description method are used.
Results. The symbolic content of the war monuments of Rostov-on-Don is described. The analysis of pragmatic orientation of memorable places was carried out: formation of collective memory, consolidation of historical narratives; creating continuity in the ongoing struggle for the nation’s survival; formation of public sentiments and emotional resonance; legitimization of state actions justifying the conflict; uniting the nation and creating a local and national identity; transforming urban space projecting power in a global and transnational dimension.
Discussion and Conclusion. This study provides better understanding of how memory is formed in a city and how it shapes urban space. Military monuments play a large pragmatic role in this process. They preserve and broadcast cultural codes and narratives that reinforce national identity.

Introduction. This article examines the role and importance of cultural identity in the project culture of ethnodesign at the present stage. The problem of preserving cultural identity in the context of globalization is one of the most important for society. The culturological approach to the study of the construction of the entire project process is presented in the system of traditions and the use of various innovative technologies, as a dialogue between ethnodesign and ethnic tradition. The purpose of this study is to study the role of cultural identity in the process of forming an ethnodesign as a type of project culture focused on national specifics. Research objectives: To study the concept of “cultural identity” in the context of modern project culture. To study the basics of the creative process in ethnodesign as an artistic device in the inheritance of cultural traditions.
Materials and Methods. For our study of the relationship between cultural identity and ethnodesign, several methodological approaches will be used to study the problem. The methodological approach in our study allows us to make a justification for the design of culture. In the historical and cultural approach to the study of the project culture of ethnodesign, its sources of creativity based on cultural identity are considered. The method of historical analogy takes into account the peculiarities of the formation of an ethnocultural sample, which affect the ways of its construction in ethnodesign. The method of constructing an ethnographic sample due to the peculiarities of its formation. In the ecocultural approach of ethnodesign research, the design process is defined as the direction of development “tradition — innovation”.
Results. Ethnodesign is an important component of modern project culture in the system of ethnocultural values, preserving and developing traditional material culture. Ethnodesign provides the aesthetic value of ethnic cultural elements in the project culture, reproduces the features of the subject environment, performs socio-cultural functions, preserves ethnoartistic constants and their historical significance.
Discussion and Conclusion. At the present stage, the project culture of ethnodesign implements the transfer of cultural identity, which acquires new characteristics and adapts traditional patterns to new conditions of reality. Ethnodesign in the modern world carries out the transfer of the historical memory of the people. Globalization in the modern world has brought changes that will serve as a turning point in the further development of the project culture of ethnodesign, its reorientation towards cultural identity.

Introduction. In the modern world, academic and methodological issues of teaching the languages of small peoples of the North Caucasus, historical and cultural peculiarities of life of some peoples, as well as peculiarities of motivation of students to independent training in the framework of the course “Second Foreign Language” are of considerable interest. The relevance of the study lies in the need for a more detailed consideration of the problem of preserving the historical, cultural and linguistic heritage of representatives of such small peoples as the Circassogai, Baguali, Kaitagi, Archin, Chamalli and Akkin. The purpose of this study is to determine how the motivational mechanism of students who are representatives of small peoples of the North Caucasus functions in the process of learning a second foreign language, based on the ethno-cultural characteristics of the learners.
Materials and Methods. The complex of linguistic, special-historical and pedagogical methods is used. The methods and techniques of linguistics teaching methodology are considered separately.
Results. In the course of the study, the authors supplement and concretize the content of the “Second Foreign Language” course developed on the basis of the North Caucasus Federal University, offering developments to the existing sections and topics, namely: expansion of the methodological base on the example of the peoples and communities under consideration; generalization of folklore and historical material in closer connection with modern, topical traditions; preparation of motivating material in the form of entertaining tasks, mini-projects, technology for the development of critical thinking, interdisciplinary and interdisciplinary learning, and the development of a new methodological base.
Discussion and Conclusion. The practical significance of the study is reflected in the possibility of using some variants and styles of technologies, methods and techniques proposed by the authors, in particular, the project method, discussions, roundtable discussions, role-playing games or web quests. Teachers, using such an approach, will be able to significantly increase the motivation of learners, making learning more engaging and productive. In the perspective of further research, the results of the work can be used as a theoretical basis for the creation of curricula to increase the level of intercultural communication between Cossack communities in the territory of the North Caucasus Federal District, as well as for educational activities on the Black Sea culture.

Introduction. The problem of the publication is related to the problem of formation and implementation of popular science tours in a specific region as a specific type of tourism. In this regard, it is relevant to consider the specifics of popular science tourism and the prospects for its organization in the Rostov region. The purpose of the article is to identify promising areas for the development of popular science tourism in the Rostov region based on the analysis of the specifics of popular science tourism.
Materials and Methods. The following scientific methods are used in the study: comparative analysis, which allows comparing the subjects of the Russian Federation by the level of development of popular science tourism; documentary, which facilitates the inventory of existing program documents in the field of popular science tourism; prospective, on the basis of which the directions of further development of the type of tourism under study are determined; and the “keys” method, within the framework of which the Rostov Region was considered as a key object for the formation of popular science routes.
Results. The conceptual and terminological apparatus of the researched problem, materials of domestic and foreign researches of popular science tourism are analyzed and the applied methodology is described. The current state of popular science tourism in Russia is analyzed, in particular, the distribution of existing routes by administrative subjects of the country. The main program documents on the researched topic are studied.
Discussion and Conclusion. Focusing on the Rostov Region as a “key” region, the authors identified promising areas for organizing popular science routes, such as the formation of comprehensive excursion programs based on universities, expansion of the interactive component and integration of popular regional tourist destinations into tours. The content and advantages of each of the proposed areas are determined from the standpoint of including the Rostov Region in the sphere of popular science tourism.

Introduction. In Russia, the majority of adults identify themselves as belonging to the Russian Orthodox Church, which receives significant support from the state. The Church actively participates in social, cultural, and educational life; it engages in the restoration of churches, participates in social and educational projects, opens theology departments in universities, and integrates the fundamentals of Orthodox culture into school education. However, actual participation of people in Orthodox practices remains low: only a small percentage actively engage in communal life and services. This creates a contradiction between mass self-identification as Orthodox and actual participation in religious practices. Unlike other cultural identities, such as sports or music, where active participation is the norm, there is a gap between religious identity and practice in Russia.
Materials and Methods. The research methods employed include analytical, synthetic, deductive, inductive, comparative, descriptive, content analysis (studying texts and publications on the topic of interest), and historical analysis (investigating the historical context of religious identity formation). The research material consists of works by researchers on the phenomenon of religious identity.
Results. The study shows that although many people consider themselves part of the Russian Orthodox Church, their actual participation in religious life remains limited. This is linked to social and cultural changes, as well as the fact that religious identity is often not supported by active spiritual experience. Additionally, the involvement of believers is influenced by the diversity of religious views and competition among various religious groups. To increase interest in religious life, it is necessary to develop new methods for organizing practices and engaging with youth.
Discussion and Conclusion. The study analyzes the attitudes of Russians towards the Russian Orthodox Church. Special attention is given to the high level of identification with the Church despite the low level of actual participation in religious practices. The paper also examines the historical context that allows for the identification of the main reasons for this discrepancy. Particular emphasis is placed on social changes, demographic factors, pluralism, youth spiritual practice, and identity formation. In conclusion, it is stated that integrating people into religious life is a complex process that requires further research. New forms of socially-oriented practices are proposed to improve this process.

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the value of disease in religious philosophy of the 20^th century. Of particular scientific interest is the study of a number of works by several domestic and foreign philosophers and theologians who worked on health and disease in the last century: Luka Voino-Yasenetsky, P. Kalinovsky, K.S. Lewis and Metropolitan Anthony Sourozhsky. The purpose of this study is to search the works of religious philosophers for a positive aspect of disease. Achieving this goal requires solving several research problems: identifying philosophical works containing a positive view of the problem of disease existence in domestic and foreign philosophy of the 20^th century; searching in these works for the reasons why disease can be considered as a blessing in relation to a person suffering from it, as well as determining the role of disease in the society of the last century.
Materials and Methods. Descriptive, historical and comparative methods of scientific research are used as general scientific methods of scientific research. Deductive and inductive methods, as well as methods of analysis and synthesis of data, are used separately. A special role belongs to the dialectical method.
Results. The religious thinker and doctor Archbishop Luka Voino-Yasenetsky believed that the positive aspect of disease is revealed in the spiritual strengthening of a person due to the idea of unity with God, another domestic thinker and doctor P. Kalinovsky believed that disease contributes to the conversion of an unbeliever to faith, their awareness of the life value, and also physically strengthens the human body. The British religious philosopher and writer K.S. Lewis believed that the positive aspect of disease manifests itself in the spiritual and physical strengthening of a person, the development of empathy. The British religious thinker of Russian origin Metropolitan Anthony Sourozhsky believed that the value aspect of disease lies in the positive dynamics in the behavior of a sick person.
Discussion and Conclusion. It was concluded that the axiological aspect of disease, present in the works of domestic and foreign thinkers such as Archbishop Luke Voino-Yasenetsky, P. Kalinovsky, K.S. Lewis, Metropolitan Anthony Sourozhsky, is revealed in the statement that disease mobilizes physical and spiritual potential of a person, helps them realize the value of life, contributes to the development of empathy and awakens religious feelings. At the same time, the article does not deny the presence of a negative component of disease and its large-scale social consequences, however, a special view characteristic of Christianity on the deep meaning of the suffering caused by it is demonstrated.

Introduction. One of the strategic tasks of the modern Russian economy is the widespread creation of tourist clusters. Solving this problem is impossible without a developed infrastructure which includes a system for ensuring effective functioning of the tourist and recreational sector. The purpose of this study is to determine the place and significance of design in creating accommodation and temporary accommodation attractive to tourists in areas rich in natural, cultural and historical resources.
Materials and Methods. The study is based on the experience of a hotel complex design located in the village of Abrau-Durso, Krasnodar Territory, near the Black Sea. The methodological basis is based on the method of pre-design analysis specific to architectural and design activities. The scientific and design concept was the result of the use of the artisticfigurative method and the method of ergonomic calculation. The research materials include art history works, as well as regulatory literature regulating design approaches to construction work.
Results. The most important aspect of the project idea formation was the problem of preserving the environment and respect for the cultural and historical identity of the region. The analysis of the territory development as one of the tourist points of attraction of the Black Sea coast was carried out, the existing situation of the functioning of the hotel business in Abrau-Durso was studied. The project concept has been formulated, the essence of which is to harmonize the historically established objective conditions of the area and modern requirements for the level of convenience of tourists.
Discussion and Conclusion. The design mission is to create a comfortable environment for modern society. The person is looking for convenience and comfort not only in permanent places of residence, but also being on a tourist trip, which increases the demand for high-quality hotels. The project concept of this hotel facility determined the unity of aesthetic and utilitarian-functional characteristics of the hotel. Such approach ensures the attractiveness of the tourist region meeting the needs of guests in high-quality temporary accommodation.