Introduction. The digital age has brought radical changes to social, cultural, and economic structures, presenting society with new ethical challenges. This article examines the philosophical aspects of digital ethics, including the impact of technology on human rights, privacy, socialization, and equality. It highlights issues of data privacy, the development of regulatory acts, and the standardization of the use of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things. The main focus is on the need for an interdisciplinary approach to creating ethical standards that promote the harmonious and equitable technological development of society. Emphasis is placed on the importance of digital education, public dialogue, and collective responsibility in building an ethical future in the context of accelerating technological progress.
Materials and Methods. The study was conducted using a combination of theoretical and empirical methods of scientific inquiry. The work employed dialectical methods, a systematic approach, analysis and synthesis, as well as forecasting and modeling techniques. Particular attention was paid to ethical and philosophical categories related to digitalization and its impact on humanistic values. Interdisciplinary approaches were used to analyze the issues, including elements of computer science, sociology, philosophy, and ethics.
Results. The study examined key concepts such as “digital ethics”, “technological humanism,” and “ethical challenges of the digital age”. An analysis of the current level of interaction between technology and ethical norms was conducted, revealing that the rapid growth of the digital sphere is accompanied by difficulties in integrating moral principles into its development process. The main areas where violations of ethical norms conflict with the interests of the public good were identified, including issues of information security, data privacy, artificial intelligence, and developer responsibility. The conclusion was made that there is a need to create a flexible control system that takes into account both national and international ethical standards.
Discussion and Conclusion. Research shows that digitalization has a significant impact on quality of life and requires in-depth ethical analysis. The strong correlation between quality-of-life index and Internet access confirms that broadband access is not only a technical but also a social challenge. However, accessibility alone does not ensure equal development: a developed electronic infrastructure, reliable cybersecurity, and effective management are also needed. Philosophically, digital transformation is dualistic. It improves well-being but poses threats to privacy, autonomy, and social justice. Interdisciplinary interaction and public dialogue are key to developing adequate standards: the state, business, science, and civil society must jointly develop practices that take into account technical and humanitarian aspects.

Introduction. Modern society cannot imagine its development without digital technologies. Modern education is also entering new stages of development, according to which new professional standards require the use of digital information technologies and the development of digital educational resources. There is a danger of distorting personal development, values, and priorities in the context of digitalization at the current stage of society’s development. The relevance of studying the impact of global digitalization on the development of spirituality and morality among young people lies in tracking the correlation between information technologies and personal development. The aim of the study is to identify the characteristics of the spiritual and moral development of young people in the context of global digitalization, to identify problems, and to find constructive ways to solve them.
Materials and Methods. The study used general scientific methods as well as specialized scientific methods, in particular, statistical data analysis and quantitative and qualitative analysis of empirical data. The study analyzed literature on the development and education of young people in the context of digitalization.
Results. We analyzed the abilities of personality change and the process of transforming values and attitudes in the real digital space. Based on the identified factors influencing the formation of spiritual and moral attitudes in the changing conditions of digitalization, conceptual approaches to their formation are defined and implementation mechanisms are proposed to ensure the effectiveness of the process of forming spiritual and moral values in young people under the influence of global digitalization of society.
Discussion and Conclusion. Spiritual and moral values are the most important set of social and ethical qualities of a person that determine their purpose, direction, motivation, and meaning in life. The digital environment influences the formation of young people’s values, as it allows them to quickly and easily access any information, build social connections more easily, express themselves more freely, etc., which in turn contributes to individualization and independence in both actions and values. The future of our country will depend on what the future generation will be like.

Introduction. The phenomenon of anthropomorphism acquires particular pragmatic significance in the modern context, especially in connection with the development and active implementation of Large Language Models (LLMs) in social practices. Today education is one of the areas where LMMs are being implemented most actively. This study aims to examine the phenomenon of anthropomorphism in students’ perception of chatbots in the context of politeness theory.
Materials and Methods. An adapted version of the Godspeed Questionnaire Series was used to measure anthropomorphism, animism, and perceived intelligence. The communication strategies of chatbots were designed based on P. Brown and S. Levinson’s Politeness theory. The experiment involved 543 students (aged 17–20) from three Russian universities. Three chatbots were developed specifically for the experiment: Nomi (face-saving), Vector (face-threatening), and Sero (neutral). The tests were conducted in three communication frames: explanation, feedback, and recommendation; each interaction between a student and a chatbot lasted no more than 10 minutes.
Results. Vector received the highest average anthropomorphism score (M = 3.123) compared to Sero (M = 2.598) and Nomi (M = 2.924). It was found that the perception of chatbots is stratified: Vector has a high sense of human-likeness combined with lower scores for animacy and intelligence. It is noteworthy that the feedback frame enhances the anthropomorphization of chatbots, while recommendations do not. No significant correlations were found with AI usage experience.
Discussion and Conclusion. Anthropomorphism is a multidimensional and context-dependent phenomenon. The active use of AI technologies in everyday life leads to a partial dissociation of previously closely related concepts: human likeness, animation, and perceived rationality, as well as the transformation of some social interaction frames where digital partners actively integrate.

Introduction. Examining the evolution of the concept of “patriotism” in the context of contemporary socio-cultural and political-economic changes in Russia is relevant and topical. The influence of globalization, digital technologies, the socio-political agenda, and new forms of identity on the perception of patriotism among various social groups requires new research approaches. The analysis of sociological studies demonstrating the dynamics of changes in patriotic values and their adaptation to new conditions is promising.
Materials and Methods. The object of the study is the patriotic identity of Russian citizens in the context of the transformation of social, political and economic processes. To achieve the goals, the comprehensive methodological approach, including both quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis, is used in the study.
Results. The analysis of empirical data revealed a number of key trends in the transformation of patriotism in the modern Russian society: firstly, the growth of civil patriotism, among young people there is an increased focus on civil patriotism, expressed in activism, volunteering, protection of human rights and environmental initiatives; secondly, increased state patriotism – traditional values associated with national identity, military power and historical continuity dominate official discourse; thirdly, the digitalization of patriotism – the spread of social networks and digital platforms has led to the formation of new forms of patriotic expression, such as online actions, patriotic blogs and discussions.
Discussion and Conclusion. In the face of global challenges and instability, patriotism plays a key role in consolidating society and strengthening national identity. However, it should not be turned into an instrument of political manipulation or used solely for propaganda purposes. It is important to develop constructive patriotism based on respect for culture, history and civil rights.

Introduction. The current demand for natural things is driven by digitalization and globalization, which motivates the development of local identity and cultural characteristics within a country or region. Currently, the field of interior design in China is searching for new conceptual solutions by combining tradition and innovation. The influence of Taoism, Confucianism, and Chan Buddhism, expressed in such fundamental principles as harmony, tranquility, naturalness, and authenticity, has had a tremendous impact on Chinese culture and architecture. Contemporary Chinese designers use the symbolism of Chinese cultural tradition, which is most vividly reflected in the concept of tea houses in China. The aim of the study is to determine the influence of traditional Chinese culture on the formation of the modern interior of a tea house.
Materials and Methods. The research material consists of works and treatises on traditional Chinese philosophy and culture, as well as works by contemporary authors in the field of architecture and design. The following methods are used: comparative and historical-cultural analysis; semiotic analysis, which allows the object to be studied as a system of signs; compositional and ergonomic approaches.
Results. The modern Chinese style in the interior of the tea house corresponds to cultural and spiritual traditions in its compositional basis. The ideological and artistic image in contemporary Chinese art and design reflects the Confucian concept of creating something new based on the old. The various elements of the tea house interior are not only interconnected but also influence each other, which allows for a closer emotional connection between tea house guests and the surrounding space. The use of eco-friendly materials in the interior allows for the reflection of spiritual aspirations in the organization of space in accordance with the historical Chinese view of the world order. The main ways to integrate traditional techniques and elements into a modern interior are direct quotation, stylization, modern Chinese minimalism, and deconstructivism, which allows you to change the scale and perception of the tea house space using asymmetrical shapes and lines.
Discussion and Conclusion. The interior design of Chinese teahouses was influenced by the development of cultural traditions surrounding the tea ceremony. Architectural solutions and interior styles were shaped by rural or urban social environments, reflecting the spirit of the place. The spiritual content of the tea drinking ritual was reflected in the aesthetic perception of tea houses and influenced the formation of traditional interiors, creating a certain holistic composition and philosophical and emotional atmosphere. A comprehensive approach to the development of conceptual ideas is implemented in the modern design of the spatial environment of tea houses based on cultural traditions. The use of elements of traditional culture allows the creation of unique design objects, enriched with new artistic forms that reflect the uniqueness of Chinese culture.

Introduction. Unlike pagan religions and philosophical systems, where the idea is that the main thing in a person is the soul, and the body is only a temporary shell in which the soul develops, Christian faith does not share such an understanding of human nature. Giving preference to the spirituality in a person, it still sees in them a fundamentally twopart being consisting of complementary sides: spiritual and material. This article offers a consideration of the problem of attitude to death in patristic anthropology.
Materials and Methods. The methodology is complex, due to the interdisciplinary approaches to the study of the problem. The leading research methods were conceptual and logical analysis of theoretical terminology and methods of historical and genetic analysis of scientific methodology.
Results. It is noted that Christianity preferring the spirituality in a person, nevertheless sees in them a fundamentally twopart being consisting of complementary sides: spiritual and material. The victory of death in our life was the result of a violation of the commandment and the immutability of divine promises. Moreover, the ancestral sin is the essence of the concept of death, and the cause of death is not in God, but in person. God guides us through the gates of death in order to exalt the dignity of life.
Discussion and Conclusion. It is proved that ontologically death, like evil, does not exist. God, who did not create evil, does not create death. Just as evil is a lack of good, so death is a lack of life. Paradoxically, death is an act of divine mercy and can be beneficial. Let’s add that death is fraught not only with benefit but justice. After all, God Himself accepts it. The justice of death is also expressed in restriction in the world of sin. Another important conclusion should be an indication of the need to remember the impending death as the most important soteriological circumstance of our life, since it allows us to defeat sinful tendency. Being mortal means not only being involved in the evil that it carries, but also in the good, in particular, the ability to attain the martyr’s crown. The problem of death is not the end, but the beginning of everything that is prepared for the soul, therefore our death must be met with our own life.

Introduction. The core of the Adyghe culture is a moral and ethical code with high stability and minimal variability, and the periphery is a system of public institutions that is constantly changing under the influence of the social environment. One of these institutions is religion, which among the Adyghe people occurs in the form of paganism, Christianity and Islam. The purpose of the article is to identify the social factors that led to the emergence of Christianity in the Adyghe culture, and then to its displacement by Islam.
Materials and Methods. The material was primarily the work of modern researchers, considering the essence of the Adyghe culture, as well as the role that various religious ideas play in it. Publications on this topic belonging to pre-revolutionary researchers of the Adyghe culture from among foreign writers and travelers are also used. The main one is the historical method by which the authors try to show the evolution of the religious component in the culture of the Adyghe people.
Results. Most scholars of Christianity in the Adyghe culture believe that it came from Byzantium, although some of them also mention Georgia and Russia. However, the Christian roots in this culture were not very deep, since the Adyghe people flourished a syncretic cult, which consisted in a mixture of elements of Christianity and traditional beliefs. After the fall of Byzantium, Christianity in the East lost organizational and ideological support, while the Ottoman Empire did not weaken its efforts aimed at Islamizing the peoples of the North Caucasus. Gradually, Islam merged with the traditional beliefs of the Adyghe people, but never became an ethno-forming factor for it, the role of which the Adyghe people continued to play as a moral and ethical complex that forms the core of the Adyghe culture.
Discussion and Conclusion. In addition to traditional beliefs, the Adyghe culture reflected the ideas of two world religions, Christianity and Islam. At the same time, both Christianity and Islam were always intertwined among the Adyghe people with their traditional beliefs. Most Adyghe people are currently adherents of Islam, which, as a result of merging with pre-Islamic beliefs, has acquired a largely ethnic character.

Introduction. In modern society, tourism is an area of cultural and business integration, attracting an increasing number of both consumers and producers of tourism services. Industrial tourism occupies a special place in this field, focusing on the artificialization of technological processes and the transformation of manufacturing enterprises into tourist attractions in the region. Industrial tourism has a history dating back more than a century. The phenomenon has been studied by cultural scholars, historians, economists, ecologists, and representatives of other scientific fields. The purpose of this study is to examine the issue of industrial tourism in the context of its impact on the optimization of the production and personnel structure of enterprises engaged in excursion and tourism activities.
Materials and Methods. The materials consisted of interdisciplinary theoretical studies that broadened the understanding of the significance of tourism in general and industrial tourism in particular for the development of the regional sociocultural situation. The basic method was a comparative analysis of the positive consequences and results of the excursion process for tourists, on the one hand, and enterprises, on the other. An empirical approach based on personal experience of visiting industrial enterprises for excursion purposes was also used. For a comprehensive study of the topic, a combination of methods from several scientific fields is used: semiotic and discourse analysis, participant observation, content analysis, network analysis, and case study method.
Results. The genesis and evolution of a specific type of tourist activity based on the openness of production processes to outside visitors are considered. The so-called “machine halls” of the first world art and industrial exhibitions of the second half of the 19^th century, when ordinary people became interested witnesses of real technological cycles, are identified as the prototype of the phenomenon under study. The experience of artifying industrial processes was subsequently used everywhere. The Rostov region, which has rich natural and production resources that are attractive to tourists, has had positive experience in the development of industrial tourism.
Discussion and Conclusion. The obvious marketing benefits of industrial tours contributed to the active development of industrial tourism in the 20^th and 21^st centuries. This has led to the development of a symbiotic relationship between participants in tourism activities: tourists gain vivid impressions and increase their level of erudition during tours, while enterprises optimize their production and personnel structures and ensure effective self-promotion, which is recouped through the payment for tour services. In today’s world, industrial tourism is not only becoming a driver of industrial progress, but also has a positive impact on the development of regional culture, improves the economy, and forms an effective basis for employment.

Introduction. The purpose of the article is a style classification of the architecture of Orthodox churches in the Rostov region of the period of romanticism, eclecticism and Art Nouveau. The object of research was the churches of the mid-19^th — early 20^th centuries, the subject of research is the style evolution of their architectural solutions. The relevance of the topic is due to insufficient study and the need to restore a number of churches of the studied period in the Rostov region.
Materials and Methods. In the course of art history research, stylistic and comparative analysis, bibliographic method, photofixation, synchronic and diachronic approaches were applied. The materials were historical and modern photographs of facades and interiors, plans, sections, design drawings of the studied objects of cultural heritage, as well as their prototypes and analogues.
Results. The article provides a holistic overview of the Don churches of the mid-19^th — early 20^th centuries. For a number of churches, architectural and artistic analysis was carried out for the first time, prototypes of compositional and decorative solutions were determined, and a style characteristic was given. It is shown that the style evolution of the Don church building of the period under consideration as a whole coincides with the all-Russian one. Monuments of Russian-Byzantine, Byzantine, Russian and Russian Revival styles are represented in the region. For the middle of the 19^th century, borrowings from the architecture of the 15^th century are characteristic, later the motifs of the “patterns” of the Moscow and Yaroslavl schools prevail, the motifs of Pskov and the Novgorod medieval architecture are less often used, in the Byzantine style — elements of the Middle Byzantine architecture.
Discussion and Conclusion. Along with all-Russian trends, there are also regional features due to the geographical, historical and political context and traditionalism of the mentality of the Cossacks. Firstly, there is the abundance of Byzantine-style churches. Secondly, the duration of the eclectic stage which left many characteristic monuments. Thirdly, chronological brevity and restraint in the manifestation of modernity. Churches chronologically related to the non-Russian stage are stylistically close to late eclecticism, the techniques of which remain dominant, only slightly transforming under the influence of Art Nouveau. Orthodox churches of the mid-19^th — early 20^th centuries in the Rostov region can and should become a source of inspiration for modern architects who turn to church building.

Introduction. During the Great Patriotic War, one of the forms of struggle against the enemy was the activity of partisan loners. There were a lot of them on the territory of the Rostov region. In general, this issue is not covered in historiography both on an all-Russian and regional scale. It is important to analyze and characterize this phenomenon using the example of the Don partisan loners’ exploits. The article is devoted to the study of the activities of partisan loners of the Rostov region during its temporary occupation by German troops. The purpose of the article is to identify specific facts of the struggle of Don partisan loners with the invaders, to analyze the nature, scale, various forms and significance of their heroic actions.
Methods and Materials. The sources of this work are the documents of the Center for Documentation of the Latest History of the Rostov Region, most of which are introduced into scientific use for the first time, and scientific research affecting this topic. The use of historical-systemic and problem-chronological methods made it possible to show the activities of partisan loners of the region during the war.
Results. The term “partisan loner” arose during the war years and was used both in official Soviet office work and in the public environment. This term determined those Soviet citizens who were not members of partisan detachments and underground groups, exclusively voluntarily, of their own free will, made an extremely difficult and literally deadly decision under enemy occupation to carry out various sabotage activities against the German authorities and various industrial, transport and other important objects used by the invaders. Concrete examples reveal the nature and forms of their struggle against the Nazi invaders, which included various types of combat, reconnaissance, propaganda, sabotage work and were exclusively voluntary.
Discussion and Conclusion. The activities of partisans during the war years in various regions of the country, in particular, in the Rostov region, are reflected in historiography. Some aspects of the struggle by the enemy of the Don partisans were touched upon in a number of general studies devoted to the consideration of the general history of the Rostov region, the military period, about the local volunteer movement and about participation in the partisan movement of the Don Cossacks. At the same time, the issue of the Don partisan loners’ activities in historiography has not been considered and raised.