Introduction. The article is devoted to the development of modern technologies – gamification, ambiguity of its application in various areas of service, as well as the attitude of student youth and teachers of the social and cultural direction of higher education to the introduction of this method of education.
Materials and methods. The complexity of the used methods is explained by the topic of work extrapolating the methodology of sociology, pedagogy, philosophy and a number of economic disciplines related to the introduction of modern directions of human activity. The object of the study is the specifics of gamification usage in all its manifestations, since today this has become one of the ways to increase the interest in working activities and the cognitive interest of students in getting education. However, this type of involvement in the learning process, including the socio-cultural direction, is ambiguous, since it is possible to lose the quality of the gained knowledge. If gamification is used inadequately, the ease of material acquisition borders on the superficiality of learning.
Results. The need to optimize the process of implementation of gamified forms of training is emphasized, identifying specific goals and stages of gradual implementation. At the same time, it is indicated that it is necessary to specify the existing and necessary base for adequate implementation, taking into account not only the technical equipment, but also the readiness of the relevant specialists (teachers, IT-developers, university psychologists). Ultimately, using gamified training methods, one should not forget about psychological control, end-to-end analytics and the consequences of implementation, risk management, especially regarding the qualitative results of the entire training process.
Discussion and conclusion. In the course of the study, the rating of behavioral factors in the student environment and among teachers of the socio-cultural direction of higher education acting as motivators in gamification was determined, which may allow more targeted determination of the gamification application point in the socio-cultural sphere as a whole.

Introduction. In this study, the authors address the question of whether Jerome Stridon confessed apocatastasis, since in some works, he affirms the eternal torment of sinners and in others he denies it.
Materials and methods. The authors turn to the works of Jerome Stridon, investigate the socio-cultural and background of his life, and also turn to the authors who held opposing views on the eschatology of Jerome Stridon. Hermeneutics and the method of historical reconstruction are used to solve the tasks set in the research.
Results. The conclusion says that for Jerome of Stridon the question of apocatastasis either was not of special importance and thus did not receive theological prophecy, or he deliberately avoided disputation on this topic, which was due to his education and the general spirit of the epoch.
Discussion and conclusion. Church dogmatics were born in polemics influenced by a great number of factors, but each time dealt with a different issue. The polemic on eschatology took place in the time of Jerome of Stridon, but he addressed a different aspect of it. The attempt of scholars of later times to give an unequivocal answer to whether Jerome of Stridon adhered to the theory of universal salvation or not is anachronistic.

Introduction. The article considers the concept of “point” in the context of ontological and philosophical-religious aspects of monadology by G.V. Leibniz. The purpose of the study is to identify the prerequisites for the formation and development of a conceptual category for the German thinker, through the analysis of which the available explications of the characteristics and properties of God as a primary monad are clarified.
Materials and methods. To reveal the issue, general theoretical and works of researchers of G.V. Leibniz’s heritage are used, the principle of cultural and historical conditioning is used, as well as a hermeneutic method that emphasizes significant connotations. The systematic approach allows us to consider the concept comprehensively, in many aspects, as well as demonstrate the correlation and interdependence of religious and ontological levels of the phenomenon under study.
Results. Structural and functional analysis of the concept of “point” in the metaphysical perspective of G.V. Leibniz was carried out. The fundamental nature of this category for the philosophy of the German scientist as a whole is shown. Leibniz rethought and extrapolated the unique properties of the concept under study for the development of mathematical analysis. He also constituted the metaphysical status of a point as a monad, which turns out to be a spiritual entity in his concept which is the radiation of God. The comprehensive theoretical study of the image of a point in correlation with theological views of the thinker makes it possible to identify new prospects for understanding and interpreting fundamental categories of philosophy and religion, such as God, beginning, being, which, in turn, will contribute to the formation of a more multifaceted, syncretic worldview in modern culture focused on the dialogue of religion and science.
Discussion and conclusion. Metaphysical point and monad are equivalent concepts. The infinite variety of monads is an expression of divine presence in the world, since God is not only the only basis for their existence, but also the root cause of their activity. If monads are spiritualized centers of vitality, then God is their inexhaustible life-giving source, the “point of points”. Leibniz’s metaphysics has both critics and apologists, but any controversy confirms the outstanding intellectual significance of the philosophical heritage of the German genius.

Introduction. The reaction of the clergy in the South of Russia to the revolutionary upheavals, its political outlook has largely remained a white spot in historiography, but the topic has undoubted scientific and social significance and provides insight into the mechanisms of political outlook formation within the framework of traditional religious culture. The purpose of the article is to examine the ideological platforms of the Orthodox clergy in the aspect of their attitude to socialism, as well as their ideas about the methods and means of struggle against this ideology.
Materials and methods. The solution of our goal is achieved on the basis of modern methodology of historical research, by analyzing and interpreting written sources, mainly materials of church periodicals with the involvement of unpublished sources – summaries of the Propaganda Department of the Special Conference.
Results. From the public-church discussion that unfolded in the periodical press, in public speeches and lectures, it follows that the clergy in general rejected socialism as a materialistic anti-Christian ideology. The forms of struggle against it can be divided into ideological and practical. It was proposed, for example, to organize a party of Christian socialism. But the most popular idea was to oppose socialism with a revived and specially organized parish. A project of a parish cooperative was developed to fight against the Left Socialist-Revolutionaries, who had created an apparatus for supplying the population with food and were therefore very popular.
Discussion and Conclusion. The study will provide materials for further study of the history of political ideas and the history of the Church, research in history, philosophical anthropology, political sociology, political science, and theology.

Introduction. Female monasticism as a special cultural phenomenon in the North Caucasus has its own specific features. The rich and little-studied history of charitable and educational activities of convents in the North Caucasus in the second half of the 19th − early 20th centuries is investigated. Their role as centers of social interaction and education in the region is considered.
Materials and methods. Historical documents and materials, historical-comparative and chronological methods are used. 
Results. Convents in the North Caucasus were significant cultural and spiritual centers. Combining monastic asceticism with educational and charitable activities, they were deeply involved in missionary work. Thanks to their social service, convents in the North Caucasus made a significant contribution to strengthening traditional values of the Russian people. Their activities softened the process of the region’s incorporation into the socio-cultural space of the Russian Empire, as a result it took place without sharp contradictions.
Discussion and conclusion. The analysis of convents’ influence on the development of culture and education in the context of the national policy of the state in the North Caucasus in the second half of the 19^th – early 20^th centuries was conducted. The new view on the active participation of monasteries in the formation of public consciousness was proposed, their importance in the development of the socio-cultural space of the North Caucasus was emphasized.

Introduction. An indicator of the national and domestic character of the Great Patriotic War was, among other things, the mass volunteer movement shown by Soviet citizens literally immediately after its beginning. In its essence, scale, social and ethnic composition, forms, military-political significance, it was a truly unique phenomenon of domestic and entire world history.
Materials and methods. The article uses documents and materials containing infor-mation about various aspects of the volunteer movement during the Great Patriotic War in the Rostov region, identified in data historians and contained in published collections. The multifactorial approach, descriptive, comparative-historical and historical-system methods are used.
Results. The volunteer movement during the war included citizens who voluntarily showed their willingness to go out and fight. They filled out the application to the military commissar’s office asking for being sent to war. There were two main categories: those who due to their age and health status were liable for military service and were subject to conscription after the announcement of mobilization and those who due to their non-conscription, too young or elderly age, illness or official exemption due to their important professional activities (the so-called “reservation”) were not subject to conscription. The volunteer movement in the Rostov region was distinguished by great activity and massive participation. The first volunteer groups in the region were fighter battalions. In July 1941, 77 fighter battalions were formed with a total number of 16 thousand people. On July 5, 1941, a special resolution of the Rostov regional committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) on the organization of the people’s militia units was issued. The Rostov rifle regiment of the people’s militia was formed. In the Don villages, literally from the first days of the war, a massive volunteer movement of Cossacks arose. During the temporary occupation of the Rostov region by Nazi invaders, Don partisans courageously fought behind enemy lines. Members of guerrilla regiments operating throughout the region and based in the most suitable secret places of stay, and underground groups located directly in the settlements of the region, should also be attributed to the participants in the volunteer movement.
Discussion and conclusion. The mass volunteer movement that unfolded in the Rostov region in its content and forms of implementation had both general, characteristic of all regions of the country, and special characteristics. Its features were the great participation of volunteers of various age and social categories, from cities and villages of all parts of the Rostov region, the formation of volunteers from the Cossacks of the Don Cossack cavalry volunteer division, a very significant number of guerrilla regiments.

Introduction. The article analyzes the potential of ethnopolitical tension in the municipalities of the Republic of Crimea in the period from 2014 to 2021. The purpose of the article is to determine the index of ethnopolitical tension of municipalities of the Republic of Crimea, to conduct subsequent zoning of its territory according to this indicator, to identify municipalities with the highest and low level of ethnopolitical tension.
Materials and methods. With the use of statistical analysis methods (summary and grouping of the obtained statistical data, correlation analysis of statistical data), as well as by means of a developed formula containing three indicators, the final indicator of the ethnopolitical tension index for each municipality is calculated.
Results. All municipalities were classified into six groups based on the quantitative values of the level of ethnopolitical tension: municipalities with minimum, low, decreased, medium, high and maximum levels of ethnopolitical tension. As the calculations have shown, the absolute majority of municipalities with a minimum level of ethnopolitical tension are located in the southern part of the Republic of Crimea, and most municipalities with a low and decreased level of ethnopolitical tension have the administrative status of urban districts.
Discussion and conclusion. According to our calculations, in comparison with 2014, in 2021 it is impossible to single out any one part of the Crimean Peninsula, where high and maximum indicators of the index of ethnopolitical tension clearly prevail. In addition, in comparison with 2014, 76 % of municipalities of the republic experienced a decrease in the index of ethnopolitical tension, which is largely due to the increase of Russian population in the period from 2014 to 2021, which, in turn, affected the indicators that make up the final formula for calculating the index.

Introduction. The article studies tourism business in the context of its influence on the socio-cultural environment of territories.
Materials and methods. The object of the study is enogastronomic tourism, an important factor in the development of territorial tourism. On the basis of comparative-historical and descriptive methods the concept of enogastronomy as one of the elements of cultural and territorial identity is revealed.
Results. On the basis of foreign and domestic experience, the study includes the analysis of problems and prospects of the organization of infrastructure for gastronomic tourism in the framework of the theory of territorial-recreational systems, which determines methodological approaches to the organization of tourist space taking into account natural and social recreational resources. Various components of the systems are described, among which the subsystem of cultural and historical complex of tourist territories is highlighted.
Discussion and conclusion. The significance of the subsystem of cultural-historical complex of territorial-recreational systems is actualized in the conditions of world globalization and consists in popularization and consolidation of national culinary traditions and cultural-territorial identity. It is concluded that the Rostov region is a promising region for the development of domestic and inbound tourism based on the use of original enogastronomic culture.

Introduction. The purpose of this paper is to determine the main stylistic trends of the Rostov architecture of the retrospective period, to identify prototypes, methods of heritage transformation, regional features of monuments.
Materials and methods. The bibliographic method, stylistic and comparative analysis based on a synchronous and diachronic approach are used.
Results. The leading stylistic direction within the framework of Retrospectivism in the architecture of Rostov-on-Don is Neoclassicism which is characterized by a significant influence of St. Petersburg architecture. Organic inclusion of Neoclassicism in the architectural fabric of Rostov-on-Don was facilitated by the presence of buildings in the style of Classicism, classicizing Eclecticism and Art Nouveau.
Discussion and conclusion. The prototypes in the creation of architectural and artistic solutions of the facades were monuments of antiquity, Late Renaissance, Early and especially Late Classicism. While transforming the heritage, two methods were used: contextual, referring to a certain circle of monuments or period, and conceptual, referring to the historical era as a whole. Regional features of Rostov Retrospectivism include the active use of the Greek Revival motifs and balconies-terraces on Doric columns characteristic of the southern region.

Introduction. The sociocultural space as an important aspect of the formation of the world model is a constructed space of meaning, which reflects the specifics of social and cultural organisation of the society under study, in our case the Cossack ethnic group. The study of socio-cultural space, tradition is relevant in the study of the genre diversity of the Don Cossacks’ song folklore.
Materials and methods. The object of the study is the sociocultural space of the Don Cossacks in the genre retrospective of song folklore. The author has analyzed the research works of D.Y. Dorofeev and I.V. Tuliganova, who consider tradition in time and history, and sociocultural space as an aspect of the formation of the world model. B.N. Putilov, A.F. Kamaev, and V.M. Shchurov, studying folklore, speak about the role of folk art and songfulness in folk culture, bifunctionality as one of the qualities of a folklore work. The study of the musical and ethnographic heritage of the Don region is based on the works of A.M. Listopadov, V.E. Davidovich, T.S. Rudichenko, O.G. Nikitenko, L.L. Kasatkin and others. Dialectical, comparative-historical, descriptive methods of scientific research are applied.
Results. Man revives the past and the future, deriving them from the present, through the unity of temporal experience. The paradigm is the human movement in traditional culture, the search for meanings through the traditions and cultural heritage of the people. The education of consciousness of belonging to the Don Cossacks’ ethnic group takes place through the study of tradition with its various genres of culture, provided that they are the daily way of life of each family and individual of the represented group. Of particular interest is the consideration of the concept of genre, its peculiarities in folk art. The conditions of existence of musical works, as well as the development of musical language are analysed. The importance of social factors in the existence of genre diversity of the musical culture of the Don Cossacks is emphasised.
Discussion and conclusion. The role of traditional culture in the development of the ethnic group in modern life conditions is considered, as well actualisation of the Don Cossacks’ song tradition in modern culture.