Introduction. The aim of the study is to analyze theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of intellectuals as a cultural community and social phenomenon. The task is to compare the research possibilities of various sociophilosophical, sociological, and cultural concepts related to the understanding of this term, the essence, social role, and functions of intellectuals in modern society. It is interesting to analyze the differences and similarities between the functions of the intelligentsia and the functional and cultural specifics of the intelligentsia and intellectuals with the degree of completion of modernization processes in society, as well as changes in the functions of intellectuals in modern information society, in the context of distinguishing between related concepts “intellectuals” and “intelligentsia”.
Materials and Methods. The comparative analysis method is applied, and general theoretical methods of scientific research are used: analysis, synthesis, analogy, dialectical and functional approaches.
Results. It has been shown that the social functions, influence, and value orientations of intellectuals as a cultural and educational community have long been the subject of active study in social and political philosophy, but there is still no unified concept of this phenomenon due to both terminological ambiguity and the diversity of approaches to research. Moreover, the semantic distinction between the concepts of “intellectuals” and “intelligentsia” is not sufficiently clear. Substantive definitions of the term need to be supplemented with functional definitions that allow for the necessary social specificity and enable us to trace the phenomenon of intellectuals in its historical and cultural dynamics.
Discussion and Conclusion. Intellectuals are regarded as an ideal type that meets the conditions of the Western cultural world, being coherent, free from internal contradictions, integrated into a developed civil society, benefiting from an established system of institutional mechanisms that ensures freedom of expression and cross-border professional communication, a high level of material security, and social comfort. Nevertheless, modern society still needs intellectuals to participate in the process of producing and promoting values and ideas, including political ones, in order to overcome the vacuum of values and cultural disintegration that arose during the reforms. There is also a continuing need for the legitimizing function of intellectuals in their expert role, not only in their professional activities, but also in the civic sphere. This determines the necessity and prospects for further research on intellectuals as a contemporary Russian and global reality, their functionality in changing social conditions of interaction with society, the state, and the ruling elites.

Introduction. The relevance of the study is mainly due to the fact that the analysis of the dynamics of the population aging process, as well as its territorial characteristics, plays an important role in the process of determining various complex plans for the development of territories, from individual settlements to macroregions and entire states. The purpose of the study is to determine the spatial features of dynamics of population ageing of the Crimean Peninsula in the last intercensus period (2014‒2021), which, in turn, makes it possible to assess further prospects for its transformation at the level of leading cities and administrative regions.
Materials and Methods. Using the complex method of Z. Dlugosh, the population aging dynamics index of all municipalities of the peninsula was calculated, they were classified by the type of age structure, as well as by the level of intensity and direction of its transformation. Statistical analysis methods such as summary, grouping, as well as correlation and regression analysis of the obtained statistical data also acted as a research tool. The foundation of the information base of the study was the materials of the All-Russian Population Census 2014 and 2020 (2021) in the Republic of Crimea.
Results. It has been established that all municipalities of the Republic of Crimea are characterized by an old age structure of the population, which varies in the range from moderately old to very old. In the dynamic aspect on the peninsula for the analyzed period, municipalities can be distinguished with a trend of slow and moderate rejuvenation (respectively 28 and 8% of the total number of municipalities), slow and moderate aging (56 and 4%, respectively). Their placement did not record both distinct spatial patterns (territorial zoning) and noticeable differences between urban districts and rural areas (levels and forms of settlement).
Discussion and Conclusion. In the nearest future, there is no need to talk about a significant transformation of the types of age structure in the municipalities of Crimea, since in more than 90% of municipalities with a very old age structure of the population, there is currently a tendency towards either slow or moderate aging, and a number of municipalities with moderately old and old age structure also maintain the trend towards population aging.

Introduction. Over the centuries, a special identity has been formed in Russia, uniting various cultures, traditions and ethnic groups. In this context, the specifics of state policy have always implied recognition and respect for the culture and traditions of the peoples living in the country, aimed at preserving their identity. This article is devoted to substantiating the author’s hypothesis that elevating the problem of domestic tourism development to the rank of a national project is aimed at nation-building of modern Russian statehood and strengthening the Russian identity of the multi-ethnic composition of the country’s population as a single nation. The purpose of the article is to explicate the contribution of the national project “Tourism and Hospitality” to the strengthening and development of Russian identity as a single people of Russia.
Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of sources including regulatory and legal acts of the Russian Federation, data from the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, information articles from websites devoted to the topic under consideration, research by foreign and domestic scientists in the problematic field of national identity, intercultural communication, and tourism development. This made it possible to explicate the role of tourism as a significant factor in the development of Russian identity using historical, philosophical, sociological, and political science concepts, the dialectical method, a systems approach, and structural and functional analysis.
Results. The principle of historicism is applied to consider the stages of formation of the national project “Tourism and Hospitality” with an explication of its structure and functions of each project in its composition. Stimulating moments for financial support of the projects’ implementation are designated. It is shown that in addition to raising the level of popular tourist centers, the national project on tourism, taking into account the involvement of all subjects of the Russian Federation in its implementation, determines the incentive for the transformation of unique topoi, which the country is extremely rich in, and which to this day are beyond the boundaries of tourist provision, into new places of attraction for tourist flows.
Discussion and Conclusion. Consideration of the national project from the point of view of tourist immersion of Russian citizens into the very core of the country’s ethnic diversity determines its significance as a factor aimed at strengthening the unity of the Russian people. The complexity of national tourist routes includes the theme of the foundations of Russian statehood, contributes not only to the popularization of domestic tourism, but also plays a decisive role in strengthening Russian identity.

Introduction. The article is devoted to relevant areas of improving security in hotel complexes. Traditional approaches to security management often focus on individual aspects of fire safety, labor protection, without taking into account the possibility of interrelation between various threats and risk factors. The introduction of a unified methodology for integrated security management will cover all areas of activity of accommodation facilities and take into account the diversity of threats. The purpose of the study is to develop and justify the need to implement an integrated approach to security management in accommodation facilities, ensuring a reduction in the risks of threats and an increase in the level of security for guests and staff.
Materials and Methods. The complex nature of the methods used in this study is due to the subject matter of the work, which covers the methodologies of sociology, pedagogy, philosophy and a number of economic disciplines related to the study of the specifics of safety management in the hospitality industry. The theoretical foundations of the study were determined through the analysis of literary sources, scientific works, regulatory documents and practical guidelines on safety management in the hospitality industry. This research employs methods of classification, system and comparative legal analysis.
Results. In the hospitality industry, creating a safe and comfortable environment for guests is a priority task. Hotels, as places with a high concentration of people, are complex objects in terms of security, which requires taking into account many technical aspects and organizational measures. This article examines the key aspects of security management in accommodation facilities, analyzes the main types of threats, as well as existing approaches to ensuring security, and examines the impact of various types of factors on the level of security in accommodation facilities. The result of the study is the development and justification of the need to implement a comprehensive approach to security management in accommodation facilities, integrating fire safety, anti-terrorist security, information security, and labor protection.
Discussion and Conclusion. Security management in accommodation facilities requires a comprehensive approach, including various aspects, from physical security to information and fire safety. A comprehensive approach involves integrating key security elements into a single system, the management of which should be based on continuous monitoring and risk analysis, regular updating of precautionary measures, and personnel training. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the development of the concept of integrated security management in accommodation facilities, the development of methodological foundations for the purpose of assessing the effectiveness of security systems. The practical significance lies in the possibility of using the proposed approach to improve the level of security in accommodation facilities and reduce the risk of threats.

Introduction. The study of popular culture as a source of law and a means of disseminating legal knowledge is considered a controversial issue due to the interpretive diversity and insufficient knowledge of the phenomenon under consideration. In this connection, the purpose of the study is a phenomenological analysis of popular legal culture as a fundamental tool of legal education.
Materials and Methods. The methodological basis of research is a phenomenological method, terminological analysis and data systematization, carried out through interdisciplinary approaches (sociological, cultural, psychological), as well as a number of specialized methods (formal-legal, comparative-legal) for a comprehensive study of the popular legal culture phenomenon.
Results. As a dependent component in the general social system, law cannot exist in isolation from culture, in particular popular culture, which is largely shaped and disseminated through media. Attracting media to the structures of popularization of law implies blurring the boundaries of objectivity and legitimacy of information entering the masses, which requires a deep study of educational structures in the field of popular law with the development of media education and media literacy.
Discussion and Сonclusion. The phenomenological study of the concept of popular legal culture makes it possible to substantiate a new comprehensive definition of this concept with the definition of further ways of developing scientific thought in the field of law, sociology, cultural studies and media sciences.

Introduction. The phenomenon of mass culture is manifested in traditional and experimental forms of public visual statement. In the context of an urban environment, it is defined as street art. The peculiarities of this phenomenon form a specific aesthetics that significantly affects the context of architectural objects, the image of the city and its historical tradition. Defining this direction of contemporary art as something new that affects a person’s feelings and way of thinking, we classify it as a form of public communication and examine the attitude of city residents to modern street art. Their perception of modern art objects that are not tied to the aesthetic norm has been little studied. The free intervention of urban creativity in the human environment deals with issues of cultural and ethical boundaries. The object of the study is street art. The subject is the perception of street art by different segments of the population. The purpose of the study is to identify areas of potential responsibility of a street artist to the target audience, the population of the city. The objectives are to study the cultural demand of urban residents for the formation of a number of restrictions and freedoms of street art authors.
Materials and Methods. The study applied analytical and empirical methods. The analytical method included familiarization and analysis of the scientific literature on the topic under study. The empirical component is presented by the statistical survey of the population of Rostov-on-Don in the form of a digital questionnaire. Research stages: to study the history and current trends of this direction of contemporary art; to identify popular compositional and thematic preferences of artists, the most common stylistic decisions in street art; to identify the features of the perception of street art by residents of the city using a survey-questionnaire on the topic of research.
Results. Street art is considered as a technique for a comprehensive solution to the design problems of the urban environment through the synthesis of forms of artistic expressiveness and modern technologies, perceived by residents of the city as part of their life and daily routine. Most respondents understand the artistic value of street art works, consider this direction to be art. In this regard, their special attention is aimed at assessing the skill of performing images or small forms. At the same time, propaganda and agitation in the thematic component of art objects are very inappropriate, according to the townspeople. The study revealed an unobvious fact that the overwhelming majority of residents of the southern capital consider it necessary to clearly declare a number of mandatory requirements for the creator of a street art object, in particular, for the content, artistic component and placement of an art object in a public place.
Discussion and Conclusion. The cultural phenomenon of street art is highlighted in its historical development and in the context of the viewer’s perception of this phenomenon as part of their everyday life, which places special requirements on the aesthetics and functionality of works of street art. As the study showed, residents of the city consider it necessary to create an initiative group of representatives of not only professional communities, but also the local population, empowered to form restrictive regulations for street art authors while preparing for the festival of street culture.

Introduction. Currently, traditional scientific approaches to understanding patriotism are insufficient and need to be supplemented. There is a need to develop new approaches and methods for constructing patriotic attitudes. An example of Orthodox patriotic Christian attitudes is the experience of Athos monasticism. The purpose of the study is to identify the role and significance of Athos Orthodox patriotism in the formation of spiritual and moral values.
Materials and Methods. The hermeneutic method of analyzing religious texts and interpreting the Old and New Testaments, theological literary and philosophical texts is used. The methodology is based on cognitive, specifically historical and semiotic approaches to the analysis of Orthodox Christian patriotism. In the context of the study, the cognitive approach consists in the individual perception of the communicative flows of Orthodox values of Athos through the Black Sea region to Russian lands, in which the patriotic worldview is being formed. As arguments, correspondence of confessors and materials of letters from Athos are given.
Results. The spiritual origins of the patriotism concept are analyzed. The role of the monastic tradition that developed on the Holy Mountain in shaping the idea of Christian patriotism that existed in the Eastern Roman Empire is described. Foreign and domestic political reasons for the transformation of patriotism in Byzantium towards the separation of the religious component from it are revealed. A historical review of the ideas of Christian patriotism in Russian Orthodoxy from the Baptism of Russia to the present is carried out on the material of monuments of literature and creations of the Holy Fathers.
Discussion and Conclusion. The Baptism of Russia, its Christianization, with the important role of Athos monasticism, transformed patriotism in Russian identity and mentality into a phenomenon not of social or political order, but a spiritual phenomenon that strengthens faith in God and neighbor, and their Fatherland. It was concluded that the experience of Athos monasticism can be considered as the basis of the great unity of Russia and other Orthodox countries, overcoming hostility, alienation and hatred inflicted on people by destructive influences.

Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of poetic works containing philosophical ideas about dying and death of several representatives of domestic symbolism in fiction of the first quarter of the 20th century in order to search for Christian symbols, contained in them, that take the meaning of death in a certain context. The main tasks of the study include the search for poetic works about dying and death of the most famous poets and religious thinkers of the Silver Age: A.A. Blok, Vyach. I. Ivanov, D.S. Merezhkovsky and A.N. Bely, as well as a religious and philosophical comparison of the ideas contained in their works about death and Christian symbols of death with the idea of death of V.S. Solovyov as the first representative of philosophy and literature of this period. One of the most important research tasks is to identify the features of poetry of symbolism’s representatives of the Silver Age that are not characteristic of Christianity.
Materials and Methods. As methods of scientific research, descriptive, historical and hermeneutical methods were used allowing the author to compile as complete a picture of factors that influenced the subject of poetic works of the Silver Age as possible. The appeal to deductive and inductive methods, as well as methods of analysis and comparison, made it possible to highlight the general and special in the poetic works under study.
Results. The formation of the interest of Russian poets and religious thinkers of the Silver Age was influenced by several factors of both historical and spiritual nature, the most significant of which was the work of Vyach. S. Solovyov. In the studied works of A.A. Blok, D.S. Merezhkovsky, Vyach. I. Ivanov and A.N. Bely, Christian symbols are established. These symbols take on the meaning of life and death. The philosophical ideas contained in them are distinguished, which diverge from the ideas generally accepted in Christian doctrine.
Discussion and Conclusion. The discussion of the significance of religious and philosophical ideas about death, as well as Christian symbolism of death in fiction, is of scientific interest not only for the philosophy of religion, but also for other humanitarian disciplines, as evidenced by the work of sociologist B. Marie and philologist L.V. Garmash.

Introduction. This research introduces an unknown and previously unpublished document, a note by junior sergeant V.N. Nakidnev “Masters of Death”, which was stored in the State Archives of the Republic of Crimea. It was extracted from the materials of the Crimean Commission on the History of the Great Patriotic War, included in fund P-156 and file number 34. V.N. Nakidnev’s note chronologically falls outside the voluminous file of 208 sheets, begun in 1941 and completed in 1944, since it bears the date and signature of the author from June 3, 1945. Apparently, V.N. Nakidnev needed to draw up the note as a document confirming his stay in the Nazi death camp “Red”. After the liberation of Simferopol and the camp located on the territory of its district by the Red Army, V.N. Nakidnev, who was listed as one of the so-called “brigadiers”, came under suspicion from SMERSH and in June 1944, as a former prisoner, he testified before the Crimean Extraordinary State Commission regarding possible collaboration with the Nazi occupiers. The charge of collaboration was not proven, but thanks to the trial, archival material appeared, which the authors of this article offer to the reader’s attention.
Materials and Methods. General theoretical research methods are used. The main research method is the generalization and systemic analysis of V.N. Nakidnev’s note “Masters of Death”.
Results. The author of the article gives a brief description of his life before being imprisoned in the concentration camp “Krasny”, describes the circumstances under which he became its prisoner, and later “a liberated prisoner”. V.N. Nakidnev devotes the main attention to the painful stay in “Krasny”, noting that “the camp here was cruel”.
Discussion and Conclusion. It has been established that V.N. Nakidnev’s note contains important information about the conditions of detention of prisoners in the “Red” concentration camp and information about the executions of participants in the underground patriotic movement by the Nazis in April 1944. The publication of this document has current practical significance for the modern understanding of the misanthropic ideology and politics of neo-Nazism.

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of audience involvement in a theatrical production in the context of two directions of performing arts: immersive theatre and stand-up comedy. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that with the development of modern technologies, changes occur in many areas of public life, including cultural life. The purpose of the work is to identify common features and differences in approaches to increasing audience involvement, as well as to consider the possibilities of their mutual influence and integration. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: to analyze what technologies of audience involvement exist in theater practices and stand-up comedy, to identify and evaluate successful practices of introducing immersive technologies into cultural projects.
Materials and Methods. The study analyzes examples of practical implementation of mechanisms for increasing immersion in theatrical productions and stand-up performances, features of interaction with the audience, use of multimedia technologies and organization of space. The study uses both general theoretical and practice-oriented methods, as well as semiotic and structural analysis.
Results. The results of the study showed that the synthesis of theatre and stand-up comedy mechanisms significantly increases the level of immersion of the project. It was also established that intergenre productions combining features of both directions are already becoming part of the Russian stage space. The study confirms that immersion is becoming a key trend in contemporary art, responding to audience requests for interactivity and involvement.
Discussion and Conclusion. The conducted case analysis can be used by the heads or art managers of cultural projects that are at the initial stage of implementing immersive technologies in their products. The topic of using immersive technologies in the cultural sphere requires systematic study. The development of immersive theater requires not only technological investments, but also a rethinking of traditional approaches to dramaturgy, acting and audience participation. Future research may examine the issue of expanded use of modern technologies in the cultural sphere, in particular, the use of artificial intelligence.