The detailed classification of migration is analyzed, also a conclusion is drawn according to the fact that migration contributes to the development of the population of countries and regions, appearing to be a driving force and an important factor of globalization in the XXI century. Russia, also as other countries, strongly depends on migration: future of the Russian Federation depends on the fact how socially-spiritual community of Russian people will change, and also culture and values of people. It is clear that the main reasons of external migration to our country are considered to be safe environment searching and large economic security. However without creation of strong innovatively-oriented economy, the flow of low-skilled and undereducated migrators will prevail in Russia.

Constrained mass migration in the modern world, induced by social-political system crisis, leads to a new ethno-cultural crisis. From this point of view, interconnection between crisis phenomena and actualization of ethnical identity is considered. Interethnic conflicts escalation, economic difficulties and deterioration in relations with the West, complex relations with our “direct neighbors” raised influence of ethnical factors to the mass and individual consciousness, and from this point of view, this again emphasizes topicality of ethnical identity comprehensive problematics study.

Historical retrospective of forms and means of foreign labor power attraction abroad since the middle of the XX century is analyzed; significant geographical changes and changes of economic migration composition are shown. The conclusion about the need to develop a migration policy and demographic expertise of long-term development programs is reasoned. The conducted research testifies that without maintaining of demographic expertise of long-term socioeconomic development national and regional programs and further  working of normative-legal framework of Russian Federation migrational policy, especially for its labor-critical regions, solve a problem of economic growth in observable perspective does not seem to be possible.  Russia should actively use both its own, so as accumulated abroad formation experience of national economics migrational attractiveness.

The problems of migration during the period of urbanization in the first half of the XIX century in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland are considered in the context of its economic and demographic transformations. The migration was determined new socioeconomic, sanitary and national problems of the towns, and became the factor of Great Britain social policy rise. Thus, the social problems growth appeared to be the migration consequence in the urbanization period of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Migration, industrial revolution, urbanization, formation of United Kingdom, peculiarities of economic and religious development of Ireland raised a question in the government about tax assessment alteration and system of parish assistance. Poverty of rural districts, growth of the cities in the north of England conditioned rural population outflow (south of England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales), necessity of parish assistance system alteration.

Migration processes in the origin and destination locations have different impacts in scale and nature, not only because of their volume, but depending on the specific structure. It is considered various structural aspects of migration flows of North Ossetia-Alania Republic. Statistic analysis of scale and directions of migration flows is one of the stages of regional migration policy development. At the next stage it is necessary to study the factors and reasons that precondition direction and intensity of migration flows.

Globalization implies growth of migrators, who appear to be marginals, as in cultural, so as in social directions. The analysis of marginal ethnocultural consciousness formation process from the position of social philosophy is given in the article. Marginal consciousness represents relatively stable system of conscious ideas and estimations, really existing ethnodifferentiating and ethnointegrating life signs of ethnocultural society. Consciousness of various ethnocultural society representatives appears to be a converted form of consciousness, ascendant to archetypes of communal consciousness, considered to be relatively stable system of realized ideas and estimations, really existing ethnodifferentiating and ethnointegrating features of ethnocultural society development.

The article presents an analysis of the American experience with migrational policy implied to build the intellectual capacity of the economy potential. Sense of responsibility for Russia rebirth in whole and Russian science in particular is peculiar for the significant part of Russian intellectual diaspora. On what continent its representatives will live, according to our point of view, does not have a principal meaning in the epoch of globalization. The main point is that people, born and grown up in Russia will contribute to country forward integration in global economic system, providing safe and competitive development of its economy.

It is considered relevant aspects of adaptation problem of migrants to the recipient culture. Cultural adaptation is the adaptation of social groups and individuals to the changing natural and geographic conditions of life by means of stereotype changing of consciousness and behavior, forms of social organization and regulation, norms and values, lifestyle, ways of life provision, directions and technologies of activity. Modern researchers distinguish active and passive forms of adaptation, short-termed and long-termed, analyze inner (psychological) and extra sides of adaptation, successful and unsuccessful (low). It has been analyzed stages of migrants adaptation (G. Triandis); levels of psychological adaptation (F.B. Berezin); presented the model of foreign culture penetration, kinds of cultural differences of D.M. Bennet; considered types of adaptation at the individual level by L.V. Yanovsky; factors, determining the success of cross-cultural adaptation (M.Y. Orlova). It is defined the peculiarities of modern ethnic migration, its specificity in information epoch. 

It is covered the problem of foreign medical students adaptation who have come to Russia to study in the focus of higher medical education humanization and humanitarization. A special attention is given to foreign students personal position activization as an inseparable condition to adapting to the Russian reality. Improvement of higher education is necessary to realize in the framework of integration projects. In consequence of these reasons, education from the category of national priorities passes into the category of the world priorities. 

Russian modern polyethnic society goes through the comprehensive transformation period, being under the influence of various social factors. Population migrations, increased for the last decades, including ethnical one appears to be one of the most important factors among them. In connection with it the problem research of migrators cultures penetrations and culture of the society accepting them, appears to be topical. It is appropriate to refer to consideration of the North Caucasian structure axiological-normative bases to characterize the North Caucasian culture, and also for more fundamental understanding of modern ethnocultural processes in the South of Russia.

It has been considered peculiarities of traditional values formation of the youth within the context of their confessional identity to the Orthodox church. Within the research it has been known that ROC today is the core of spiritual life of society influencing the Russian image, its traditions and lifestyle. Russian Orthodox Church is authorative in society, takes a high position in social life, and Orthodoxy is the core of spiritual life in Russia. In the result of the social research it was proved that in South Russia (North Caucasus) Orthodox belivers become the dominating social group in advancing positive spiritual values.

It is reasoned that the high unemployment, especially among the young population of the North Caucasus is the main factor of migration to the central regions of Russia. Unemployment social costs are connected, first of all, with deprivation of professional and human communication, belonging to the general deal. Income is not just reward for labor, but also significant evidence of what people do. Work provides a special status, prestige and professional suitability. Besides, work mobilizes a person, creates conditions for the right living.

The conclusion that the attraction of foreign labor force is the most promising direction of operation and further development of the Russian labor market is justified in the article basing on the analysis of statistical data. However, the authors consider that it is necessary to establish tighter control over the laws observance of the Russian Federation not only on the part of immigrants, but mainly on the part of employers. Labor power immigration appears to be the most prospective trend for Russian modern labor market. However, more tough control for RF law observance not only from the side of immigrants, but mainly also from the side of employers should be set.

Our cultural and language peculiarities reflect our personalities and temperaments, roles and relations, social and ethnic identities. Most migrants consist of migrant students and workers, economic refugees, political refugees, immigrants, or executives and businessmen from different countries. Migrants from different parts of our world are obvious representatives of certain language, ethnicity, culture and other differences, which may lead to cultural and language difficulties faced by migrants as the members of a certain ethnic community.

The article shows that international labor migration is an important part of the internationalization process of international economic life. So, the migration processes of the population should be carefully monitored and analyzed in order to develop effective state migration policy. Population mass migration became one of the characteristic phenomena of the second part of XX century world society life. Labor power international migration from this time appears to be the important part of international business life within internationalization process. Labor potential, being the most important production factor, searches its most effective use not only within national economy, but also on international economy scales.