MEDICAL AND ECOLOGICAL RISKS OF URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS

Abstract

The modern demographic and social processes of urbanization lead to intensive development of new planning and territorial structures, urban agglomerations. Today, the agglomeration is viewed as an integral socio-economic space with a common system of transport and engineering services, a single natural and ecological framework of the territory. The stability of such urban ecosystems can be assessed through the comfort of life and health of the population, based on groups of criteria: natural-anthropogenic, social, medico-ecological. The analysis of forming ecological carcass of Rostov agglomeration educed potential conflict between development of big city and emphasizing of specially-protected areas (nature reserve “Levoberezhny”) in its boundary.  Thus, under the density increase of migratory birds on the territories of the nature reserve in the suburbs, the probability of outbreak risk increase of such diseases, as Francis disease, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) and West Nile encephalitis (WNE) is growing.  The contact of migrants with established synanthropic urban populations can lead to carry and seasonal rooting of arbovirus infections %. The safety and comfort of living in urban agglomerations with territorially close specially protected natural areas directly depends on monitoring the species diversity and the number of epidemiologically significant faunal components as potential carriers and vectors of the causative agents of zoonotic infections.