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Science Almanac of Black Sea Region Countries

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Vol 28, No 4 (2021)
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Sociocultural and Ethno-Religious Processes in the Black Sea Region (social philosophy)

3-8 238
Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the information society formation in the Russian Federation. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that in our country the transformation of social reality has been observed throughout all historical development. At first, the transformation took place in line with socialist and communist ideologies, as opposed to global capitalism. Then, since 1991, its transformation had been taking place on the basis of the ultraliberal paradigm of Adam Smith. The sources and mechanisms of modern sociocultural changes are processes accompanying the intense trends of digital globalization, the digital transformation of social institutions, digital society, the primacy of a single global information space and digital technologies. The formation of the information society is presented as a point of bifurcation, which was preceded by transformations in the axiosphere of the Russian civilization. The synergistic approach to the analysis of the essence of the phenomenon of the reality of the information society is proposed. The purpose of the study is to analyze trends and prospects for the development of the information society as "social bifurcation." The author's attention is focused on scenarios of the evolution of information reality in the Russian Federation. Attention is drawn to the fact that the most acceptable development option is the globalization of our country, which allows us to ensure independence and national exclusivity through the national digital sovereignty and an appeal to the traditional Russian values.

9-15 161
Abstract

The purpose of this article is to offer a socio-philosophical analysis and methodology for studying the relationship between social conflict and development. Conflicts and development always accompany each other. However, not all development is accompanied by conflict. Therefore, we have to determine what kind of development we are dealing with, and what specific conflict it is accompanied by. In this regard, it should be emphasized that a number of conflicts lead to destructive consequences nullifying all development efforts. On the other hand, some conflicts can stimulate development and even determine what development is needed. Development is often caused by existing conflicts and contradictions that need to be resolved. To analyze the proposed topic of the article, the following tasks are considered: the links between conflict and development are analyzed, scenarios for the development of conflict using indicators are considered, and methodology for analyzing stable development is revealed. The application of developed methods is possible not only in the analysis of specific conflicts, but also in the diagnosis of conditions and factors in the development of specific regions and territories.

23-28 140
Abstract

Informal employment is one of the topical modern problems, which is widely studied in the context of identifying its forms and characteristics, the impact on the transformation of the labour market, the consequences of such employment for the worker, the society and the state. Informal activities include either unregistered or hidden from the State for the purposes of taxation and/or benefits, or socially legitimate activities that are legal in all respects, except when declared by the authorities for the purposes of taxation, social security and labour rights. Informal employment includes informal employment in the formal and informal sectors and legal employment in the informal sector. It can manifest itself not only through the absence of “formal” signs of registered labour activity, but also on the basis of “semi-legality”. Official statistics bodies in Russia monitor only employment in the informal sector, while the criterion for identifying units of the informal sector is the lack of the state registration as a legal entity. According to the results of 2020, Russian Federal State Statistics Service registered a reduction in the level of informally employed citizens of Russia. This reduction occurred in spite of the global trends in the growth of informal employment during the pandemic in developing countries. The article highlights the scale and dynamics of informal employment in Russia and reveals the trend towards its reduction.

Sociocultural and Ethno-Religious Processes in the Black Sea Region (philosophical anthropology, philosophy of culture)

23-28 137
Abstract

The specificity and peculiarities of the disciplines – youth studies, juvenile law, juvenile court and their role in the formation of innovative culture of students are analyzed. The processes taking place among the young generation of the XXI century, with its new geopolitical spaces, challenges and risks of globalization, and geo-economic crises are investigated. For Russia, the role and attitude of young people are directly linked to the country's national security. The mechanisms linking youth studies, juvenile court and juvenile law to all branches of law are traced. An attempt is made to analyze youth studies, juvenile justice and juvenile law in the interdisciplinary aspect as a new complex branch of science, which considers the young generation as the major factor of social reproduction, which determines progressive development of the future society.

Sociocultural and Ethno-Religious Processes in the Black Sea Region (religion studies)

29-35 125
Abstract

The cognitive attitudes in scientific and religious knowledge are analyzed from the point of view of the presence of isomorphism in these processes. The comparative method was chosen as the nodal method of research, without which other approaches used in the article could not be implemented. The principle of trust in the subject of knowledge as the integrity and inseparability of all its attributes is justified: cognitive abilities, sensory experience, motivation, value system, etc. The innovation consists in an emphasis on the bodily experience of the cognizing subject, whose body is his support. The article presents the analysis of conventionalism as an attitude that is relevant for both science and theology. The article reconstructs isomorphic attitudes in scientific and religious knowledge.

36-43 150
Abstract

The issues of preserving and strengthening the historical and cultural interaction and unity of Dagestan and Russia are analyzed. In the context of the socio-philosophical approach and historical approaches, a retrospective analysis of national and ethno-confessional relations in the Republic of Dagestan is proposed, the specifics and features of development, forms and methods of their improvement are shown. The problem of studying interethnic conflicts as additional factors of destabilization of the economic and sociopolitical situation and complicating the implementation of reforms is being actualized. It is emphasized that the development and implementation of a scientifically grounded national policy in the realities of our time is the main task of scientists and the government of Russian society.

Sociocultural and Ethno-Religious Processes in the Black Sea Region (theory and history of culture)

44-51 187
Abstract

The article highlights the problems of the high natural decline in the population of the Russian Federation observed since the beginning of 2019 due to the increased mortality and the decline in the birth rate of the population. It has been shown that the mortality caused by the coronavirus infection COVID-19 only aggravated the previously existing trend of reducing the population of Russia, but was not its root cause. It is concluded that the country is experiencing dangerous demographic phenomena, the socio-economic consequences of which may have a serious negative impact on sustainable development in the not-too-distant future. The demographic interests of the state and society, according to the authors, are in the formation of a new type of population reproduction, the main characteristic features of which should be: overcoming depopulation; deliberately regulated fertility aimed at complete replacement of generations; steadily decreasing mortality and increasing life expectancy; progressive age-sex structure of the population; optimal internal and external migration processes; strengthening the family as a social institution. To substantiate the conclusion about the historical conditionality of the deterioration of the country's demographic situation, the indicators of population dynamics over the past decades are analyzed, the negative impact of the demographic crisis in Russia on the country's security is shown, and an assessment of government measures to improve the demographic situation is given.



ISSN 2414-1143 (Online)
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