Crimean War: Medical and Social Characteristics and Consequences
https://doi.org/10.23947/2414-1143-2020-24-4-82-89
Abstract
The medical and social features and consequences of the Crimean War (1853 – 1856) are considered. Based on the historical and genetic research method, the author analyzes the process of creating an army health system, the problem of corruption in the context of the history of Great Britain, the Ottoman and Russian empires in the middle of the 19th century. Public health, nursing training, and army health care became a new field of medicine. The consequence of the Crimean War was the formation of women's medical activities, the organization of state care for the wounded, the elimination of corruption in the army, which were carried out in the Crimean hospitals (in Sevastopol, Bakhchisarai, Karasu-Bazar, Kozlov, Simferopol), in Turkish hospitals (in Scutari, Renkio), Great Britain (London, Chatham), as well as in the USA and Japan. For the first time, the army's health care received an official status and recognition, thanks to the joint activities of reformers from different countries of the world N.I. Pirogov, L.A. Beckers, E. Chadwick, N. Arnott S. Smith, W. Farr, Lord Herbert, F. Nightingale, L. Richards, E. Parks. The transformation of public health took place on the territory of military hospitals located in the Ottoman Empire and Crimea. It is shown that, having become an integral element of the international politics of the countries of the world, during the Crimean War, public health and nursing were separated from clinical medicine, becoming a new area of state medical care.
About the Authors
E. K. Sklyarova
Rostov State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Elena K. Sklyarova – Ph.D. in History, Associate Professor
Rostov-on-Don
O. N. Kamalova
Rostov State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Olga N. Kamalova – Ph.D. in Philosophy, Associate Professor
Rostov-onDon
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Review
For citations:
Sklyarova E.K., Kamalova O.N. Crimean War: Medical and Social Characteristics and Consequences. Science Almanac of Black Sea Region Countries. 2020;22(4):86-93. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.23947/2414-1143-2020-24-4-82-89
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