PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF RUSSIA'S MIGRATION POLICY

Abstract

Migration processes play an important role for the socio-economic and demographic development of countries and regions. At the same time, the unresolved nature of migration issues in Russia is often a source of demographic tension, which requires the intensification of international cooperation of the country and the implementation of an effective policy to solve emerging problems in the field of migration. The dialectical challenge of modern Russia is the fact that, on the one hand, over the last decade Russia's migration attractiveness has grown twice, and on the other hand, the outflow of migrants from Russia has increased 11 fold. This, in many respects, is the result of a controversial, inconsistent migration policy, within the frame-work of which Russia’s interest in attracting permanent migrants in general and “compatriots” in particular is declared verbally, and in fact, there is a rapidly growing outflow of the Russian population to the countries of near and far abroad mainly due to tensions in the labor market, difficulties in gainful employment in Russia. Such an approach has a negative “demonstration effect” for potential migrants and directly contradicts the strategic goal of stimulating the influx of migrants in order to mitigate the last two decades of the demographic crisis in Russia. The most painful for the Russian economy is the high educational and qualification level of citizens leaving Russia, which, compared with the low education of a significant part of labor migrants arriving in Russia in search of work, which leads to a deterioration in the quality of the labor force employed in the Russian labor market, and acts as an obstacle to the formation of an innovative type of development of the Russian economy.