<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">scialm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научный альманах стран Причерноморья</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Science Almanac of Black Sea Region Countries</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2414-1143</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Донской государственный технический университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">scialm-317</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Материалы международной научно-практической конференции «СЕВЕРНЫЙ КАВКАЗ И ЗАКАВКАЗЬЕ: СТРАТЕГИЯ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ»</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Materials of international scientific and practical conference “NORTH CAUCASUS AND TRANSCAUCASIA: STRATEGY OF THE STABLE DEVELOPMENT”</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительные аспекты научных исследований проблемы урбанизации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>COMPARATIVE ASPECTS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH OF THE URBANIZATION PROBLEM</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Склярова</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sklyarova</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Склярова Елена Константиновна – кандидат исторических наук, доцент. Ростовский государственный медицинский университет. Ростов-на-Дону, Россия.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">science-almanac@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ростовский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>06</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Склярова Е.К., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Склярова Е.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sklyarova E.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.science-almanac.ru/jour/article/view/317">https://www.science-almanac.ru/jour/article/view/317</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассматриваются сравнительные аспекты научных исследований урбанистики, как многомерного исторического и демографического процесса, фактор повышения роли городов и здравоохранения в развитии общества. Основные направления урбанистики: роль здравоохранения, благотворительности, миграции, эпидемий, жилищной политики, медицинских служащих в становлении государственной политики. Становление российской урбанистики началось параллельно с Британией, однако законченной концеп­ции города и урбанизации не было выработано. К вопросам, тре­бующим дальнейшего изучения, следует отнести проблемы урбанизации Северного Кавказа, становления региональной социальной политики, учреждений здравоохранения и культуры. Миграция обусло­вила новые социально-экономические, юридические, санитарные, административные, транспортные, религиозные и национальные проблемы городов. Урбанизация Северного Кавказа и в начале ХХI в. заметно отличается от стран Европы. Процентное соотношение сельского и городского населения на Северном Кавказе имеет относительные показатели, сохраняя традиционный уклад жизни, оказывая определенное влияние на выработку государственной и местной стратегии развития. Междисциплинарные методы исследований необходимы для анализа социального феномена урбанизации с позиций ее эволюции, социальных последствий и глобальных изменений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the article the comparative aspects of the urban research, as a multidimensional historical and demographic processes, a factor in increasing the role of cities and health care in the development of society are considered. The main directions of urbanity: the role of health, philanthropy, migration, epidemics, housing policy, health care employees in the development of public policy. Formation of Russian urbanism started in parallel with Britain, but finished conception of cities and urbanization has not been worked out. Among the issues that demand further study should include the problems of urbanization of the North Caucasus, the formation of regional social policy, healthcare and culture. Migration has preconditioned new socio-economic, legal, health, administrative, transportation, religious and national problems of cities. The urbanization of the North Caucasus and in the early twenty-first century is considered. It differs markedly from Europe. The percentage of rural and urban populations in the North Caucasus has a relative performance, while maintaining the traditional way of life, exerting some influence on the development of national and local development strategies. Interdisciplinary research methods necessary to analyze the social phenomenon of urbanization from the point of its evolution, and social consequences of global change.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>урбанизация</kwd><kwd>миграция</kwd><kwd>социальные проблемы</kwd><kwd>общественное здравоохранение</kwd><kwd>социальная политика</kwd><kwd>Великобритания</kwd><kwd>Северный Кавказ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>urbanization</kwd><kwd>migration</kwd><kwd>social problems</kwd><kwd>public health</kwd><kwd>social policy</kwd><kwd>Great Britain</kwd><kwd>North Caucasus</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dyos H. J. Victorian Suburb: А Study of the Growth of Camberwell. Leiсester, 1961; Dyos H. J., Reeder D. A. Slums and Suburbs / In: The Victorian City: Images and Reality / Ed. by H. Dyos, M. Wolff. L., 1973; Dyos H. J. Agenda for Urban Historians // In: The Study of Urban History / Ed. by H. J. Dyos. Leiсester, 1968.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dyos H.J. Victorian suburb: a study of the growth of Camberwell. Leiсester, 1961; Dyos H.J., Reeder D.A. Slums and suburbs / In the Victorian city: images and reality / Ed. by H. Dyos, M. Wolff.  L., 1973; Dyos H. J. Agenda for urban historians // In the study of urban history / Ed. by H.J. Dyos. Leiсester, 1968. P.9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Checkland S. G. Towards a Definition of Urban History // In: The Study of Urban History / Ed. by H.J. Dyos. Leiсester, 1968; Item. Urban History in the British Idiom // Urban History Review. 1978. Vol. VII.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Checkland S.G. Towards a definition of urban history // In the study of urban history / Ed. by H.J. Dyos. Leiсester, 1968; item. Urban history in the British idiom // Urban history review. 1978. Vol. VII. P.58.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Law C. The Growth of Urban Population in England and Wales, 1801 – 1911 // Transactions of Institute of British Geographers. 1967. Vol.41.; Thompson F. Towns and Cities // The Cambridge Social History of Britain, 1750–1950 / Ed. by F. Thompson. Cambridge, 1990. Vol.1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Law C. The growth of urban population in England and Wales, 1801 – 1911 // Transactions of institute of British geographers. 1967. Vol.41.; Thompson F. Towns and cities // The Cambridge social history of Britain, 1750–1950 / Ed. by F. Thompson. Cambridge, 1990. Vol.1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Flinn M.W. Scottish Population History: From the Seventeenth Century to the 1930s. Cambridge, 1977.; Morris R. J. Urbanization and Scotland / In: People and Society in Scotland 1830 –1914 / Ed. by Frazer W., Morris R. J. Vol. 2. Edinburgh, 1990.; An Act for the Regulation of Municipal Corporations in Ireland, 1840.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Flinn M.W. Scottish Population History: From the Seventeenth Century to the 1930-s. Cambridge, 1977; Morris R. J. Urbanization and Scotland / in: people and society in Scotland 1830 –1914 / Ed. by Frazer W., Morris R. J. Vol. 2. Edinburgh, 1990; an act for the regulation of municipal corporations in Ireland, 1840.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sklyarova E.K. The Problems of Migration during the Period of Urbanization in Great Britain and Ireland // Научный альманах стран Причерноморья. 2016. № 1. http://science-almanac.ru</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sklyarova E.K. The problems of migration during the period of urbanization in Great Britain and Ireland // Science almanac of Black Sea region countries. 2016.  No 1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Our Medical Officers of Health, 1855 – 1860 // Public Health. 1950. № LXIII; Parry N., Parry J. The Rise of the Medical Profession. L., 1973; Smith F. B. The People’s Health, 1830 – 1910. L., 1979.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Our medical officers of health, 1855 – 1860 // Public health. 1950. № LXIII; Parry N., Parry J. The rise of the medical profession. L., 1973; Smith F. B. The people’s health, 1830 – 1910. L., 1979.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Склярова Е.К. Макарова В.Н., Столяров В.В. Роль медицинской профессии в Англии и Ирландии в эпоху урбанизации // Гуманитарные и социально-экономические науки. 2015. № 4 (83).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sklyarova E.K., Makarova V.N., Stolyarov V.V. The role of medical profession in England and Ireland in the epoch of urbanization // Humanitarian and socioeconomic sciences. 2015. No 4 (83).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Макарова В.Н., Склярова Е.К, Чубарян В.Т. Викторианская урбанизация и проблема смертности и здравоохранения в Великобритании // Гуманитарные и социально-экономические науки. 2014. № 2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makarova V.N., Sklyarova E.K, Chubaryan V.T. Victorian urbanization and the problem of death rate and health service in Great Britain // The Humanities and socio-economic sciences.  2014. No 2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Склярова Е.К., Камалова О.Н. Философские аспекты викторианского здравоохранения // Экономические и гуманитарные исследования регионов. 2015. № 1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sklyarova E.K., Kamalova O.N. Philosophical aspects of Victorian health service // Economic and humanitarian researches of the regions.  2015.  No 1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weber A. F. Urban Growth in England and Wales in the Nineteenth Century // The Urbanization of European Society in the Nineteenth Century / Ed. by A. Lees, L. Lees. Lexington, Massachusetts, London, 1976.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weber A.F. Urban Growth in England and Wales in the Nineteenth Century // The Urbanization of European Society in the Nineteenth Century / Ed. by A. Lees, L. Lees. Lexington, Massachusetts, London, 1976. P. 3 – 14.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wirth L. On Cities and Social Life. Chicago, 1964. P.60; Tilly C. Selected Readings on Communities, Cities and Urbanization. Michigan, 1983.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wirth L. On Cities and Social Life. Chicago, 1964. P.60; Tilly C. Selected Readings on Communities, Cities and Urbanization. Michigan, 1983.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ерофеев Н. А. Очерки по истории Англии (1815 – 1917). М., 1959. C. 12; Census of Great Britain. (England and Wales) // P.P. 1851. Vol. CCIV – CCVII; Census of Great Britain. (Scotland). // P. P.1851. Vol. CCXVIII – CCIX.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yerofeyev N.A. Essays on England history (1815–1917). М., 1959.; Census of Great Britain. (England and Wales) // P.P. 1851. Vol. CCIV–CCVII; Census of Great Britain. (Scotland). // PP. 1851. Vol.  CCXVIII – CCIX.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баканов С. А. Малый советский город 1960-1980-х гг. в зеркале отечественной урбанистики // Новый исторический вестник. 2003. № 1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bakanov S.A. The small soviet city of 1960-1980-s in the reflection of the domestic urban study // New historical news. 2003. No 1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Давидович В. Г. О типологии расселения в группах городов и поселков СССР // Вопросы географии. 1956. № 38. С. 27; Ахиезер А.С., Коган Л.Б., Яницкий О.Н. Урбанизация, общество и научно-техническая революция // Вопросы философии. 1969. № 2; Яницкий О. Н. Город, как информационная система // Социологические исследования города. Информационный бюллетень. №16. М., 1969.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davidovich V.G. About typology of resettlement in the groups of USSR cities and villages // Geography questions. 1956. No 38.; Akhiezer A.S., Kogan L.B., Yanitskii O.N. Urbanization, society and research and technology revolution // Philosophy questions. 1969. No 2; Yanitskii O.N. City, as informational system // Sociological researches of the city. Informative bulletin. No16. M., 1969.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пивоваров Ю. Л. Мировая урбанизация и Россия на пороге ХХI в. // Общественные науки и современность. 1996. № 3; Основы геоурбанистики. М., 1999.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pivovarov Yu. L. The world urbanization and Russia on the step of ХХI // Social studies and modernity. 1996. No 3; The bases of geourbanization. M., 1999.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Склярова Е.К. Здравоохранение и викторианская урбанизация: основные направления междисциплинарных исследований // Гуманитарные и социальные науки. 2014. № 2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sklyarova E.K. Health service and Victorian urbanization: the basic directions of interdisciplinary researches // Humanitarian and social studies.  2014.  No 2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
