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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">scialm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научный альманах стран Причерноморья</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Science Almanac of Black Sea Region Countries</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2414-1143</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Донской государственный технический университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23947/2414-1143-2017-10-2-60-68</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">scialm-260</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Современные проблемы и перспективы прикладной экологии Причерноморья</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Никитский ботанический сад в Крыму в контексте проблемы становления ботанических садов Европы и России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>NIKITSKY BOTANIC GARDEN IN CRIMEA IN THE CONTEXT  OF BOTANIC GARDENS FORMATION PROBLEM OF EUROPE AND RUSSIA</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моргуль</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morgul</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Моргуль Елена Валерьевна – кандидат биологических наук, доцент. Ростовский государственный медицинский университет. Ростов-на-Дону, Россия.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Morgul – candidate of Biology, associate professor. Rostov state medical university. Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">science-almanac@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Склярова</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sklyarova</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Склярова Елена Константиновна – кандидат исторических наук, доцент. Ростовский государственный медицинский университет. Ростов-на-Дону, Россия.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena K. Sklyarova – candidate of History, associate professor. Rostov state medical university. Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ростовский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov state medical university</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>05</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>68</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Моргуль Е.В., Склярова Е.К., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Моргуль Е.В., Склярова Е.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Morgul E., Sklyarova E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.science-almanac.ru/jour/article/view/260">https://www.science-almanac.ru/jour/article/view/260</self-uri><abstract><p>Впервые рассматривается история становления и сравнительные аспекты формирования Ботанических садов в Европе и России, а также вклад реформаторов и ученых, работавших в Ботанических садах и университетах мира. В разные годы они внесли значительный вклад в развитие представлений человечества об экологии и флоре различных регионов Причерноморья. Ботанические сады, как центры науки и образования появились в эпоху эллинизма. В дальнейшем они были преобразованы в различные парки и музеи, став основой становления университетов, развития фармацевтического образования, сохранения экологии и фауны регионов мира. В XVIII в. Москва, Санкт-Петербург, Одесса, а также Крым стали центром развития Ботанических садов Российской империи. Показано, что значительный вклад в становление и изучение Ботанических садов внесли общественные деятели Франции, Англии, Швеции и России. Особое внимание уделено вопросу формирования Никитского Ботанического сада в Крыму. Герцог де Ришелье, граф М.С. Воронцов, Х.Х. Стевен, Е.В. Вульф способствовали его созданию. Организация Никитского Ботанического сада началась после присоединения Крыма к России в эпоху Екатерины II и Александра I. С XIX века Крым стал новым центром коллекционирования декоративных и лекарственных растений, виноградарства, образцового садово-паркового искусства и экологии. Многовековая деятельность Никитского Ботанического сада Крыма стала основой обмена опытом изучения и сохранения флоры Юга России, а также других стран Причерноморского региона. Отмечено, что Никитский Ботанический сад получал различные дипломы и награды, как в Российской империи, так и после Октябрьской революции в годы существования СССР.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>For the first time, the history and comparative aspects of the botanic gardens formation in Europe and Russia, as well as the contributions of reformers and scientists working in Botanic gardens and World Universities are considered. In different years, they made a significant contribution to the development of the mankind views on the ecology and flora of the various Black Sea area regions. Botanic gardens, as centers of science and education, appeared in the Hellenism period. They were later transformed into various parks and museums, becoming the foundation of the universities formation, the development of pharmaceutical education, the preservation of the ecology and the fauna of the regions of the world. In the 18th century, Moscow, St. Petersburg, Odessa, as well as Crimea, became the center of the development of the Botanic Gardens of the Russian Empire. It has been shown that public figures from France, England, Sweden and Russia had made a significant contribution to the establishment and study of the Botanic Gardens. Special attention has been given to the formation of the Nikitsky Botanic garden in Crimea. Duke de Richelieu, graph M.S. Vorontsov, H.H. Steven, E. Wolf contributed to its creation. The organization of the Nikitsky Botanic Garden began with the annexation of Crimea to Russia during the era of Catherine II and Alexander I. Since the 19th century, Crimea has become a new center for the collection of ornamental and medicinal plants, viticulture, exemplary garden art and ecology. The centuries-old activities of the Nikitsky Botanic garden of Crimea became the basis for the exchange of experience in studying and preserving the flora of Southern Russia as well as other countries of the Black Sea region. It was noted that the Nikitsky Botanic Garden had received various diplomas and awards, both in the Russian Empire and after the October Revolution in the USSR.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экология</kwd><kwd>Ботанический сад</kwd><kwd>университет</kwd><kwd>музей</kwd><kwd>Никитский Ботанический сад</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ecology</kwd><kwd>Botanic Garden</kwd><kwd>university</kwd><kwd>museum</kwd><kwd>Nikitsky Botanic Garden</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Голубева И.В., Кормилицын А.М. Никитский Ботанический сад. Киев, 1978.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Golubev I.V., Kormilicyn A.M. Nikitsky Botanic Garden. Kiev, 1978.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гутиева М.А., Склярова Е.К. 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